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Both oxide and sulfide ores can be leached, though the leach cycles are much different and sulfide leaching requires a bacterial, or bioleach, component. In 2011 leaching, both heap leaching and insitu leaching, produced million metric tons of copper, 22 percent of world production.
Bacterial leaching is an established method of treating refractory gold and base metal ores or concentrates. SGS Minerals Services has undertaken testing for numerous projects for flowsheet ... • (Heap or thin layer leaching of low grade flotation concentrates)
Bacterial heap leaching of refractory gold/sulfide ores. Min Eng 1994; 7: 619–631. ... Bacterial copper heap leach followed by heap leach recovery of gold at Mt. Leyshon Gold Mine. In: Biomine ''84. ... Brierley (1997) Heap Leaching of GoldBearing Deposits: Theory and Operational Description. In: Rawlings (eds) Biomining ...
A refractory pyrite/arsenopyrite ore containing g/ton of gold finely disseminated in the sulphide matrix was subjected to microbial leaching in a heap containing 120 tons of ore crushed to minus 15 mm. The ore was initially leached by means of acidophilic chemolithotrophic bacteria to oxidize the sulphide minerals and to liberate the gold.
Nichromet both has a process that uses chloride and bromide to leach gold from refractory ores high in sulphides. I also suggest you look at papers by Dr. Corby Anderson that use alkaline sulfide leaching to extract gold from refractory ores. The latter can be run at .
Bacterial Leaching Of Chalcopyrite Ore Core. Bacterial Leaching of Chalcopyrite Ore . Bacterial leaching utilises bacteria ubiquitous to sulphide mining environments to oxidise sulphide ores. The sulphide mineral chalcopyrite is the most common copper mineral in the world comprising the bulk of the known copper reserves.
Refractory ores are normally have either a high sulfide content that masks the gold preventing cyanide leaching of the gold, or high organic content that also block gold leaching (reabsorbs the gold), or it can have a high clay content that also soaks up the cyanide.
These refractory ores require pretreatment in order for cyanidation to be effective in recovery of the gold. A refractory ore generally contains sulfide minerals, organic carbon, or both. Sulfide minerals are impermeable minerals that occlude gold particles, making it difficult for the leach solution to form a complex with the gold. Organic ...
Bacterial heap leaching of refractory gold/sulphide ores ... Gold recovery in alkaline cyanide heap leaching after bacterial leaching was 74 % (compared with 24 % without bacterial heap leaching), but the acid consumption to achieve this recovery was very high at . Get price
Bacterial leaching of ores and other materials R. Näveke, Institut für Mikrobiologie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fed. Rep. Germany : Summary In nature sulfidic ores are decayed by weathering under the influence of oxygen and water. Microbiological investigations reveal that certain bacteria are the main agent in this process.
ising for the biological leaching of refractory gold and silverbearing sulfide concentrates. 3235 Au riferous sulfide ores contain primarily pyrite and arsenopyrite as the main sulfide minerals. The biotechnological fundamentals of the bi ological leaching of arsenopyrite and pyrite are complex because they involve many poorly
2. 2. 1 BIOREACTORS Bioreactors are employed when the value of the gold recovery is sufficient to justify the costs of installing and operating the necessary equipment. Bioreactors are able to process less gold ore at one time, but create a much faster oxidation process. This process usually utilizes higher grade ores compared to heap leaching.
HYDROMETALLURGY OF GOLD: NEW PERSPECTIVES AND TREATMENT OF REFRACTORY SULPHIDE ORES In the last two decades a considerable number of new hydrometallurgical processes have been developed and implemented in gold industry allowing the economical treatment of increasingly complex and lower grade ores as well as refractory ores.
Advances in hightemperature heap leaching of refractory copper sulphide ores conditions for bacterial activity in the heaps. Specially designed column tests are required to simulate the natural dynamic temperature behaviour in a largescale heap, by .
Bacterial Leaching as a Pretreatment Step for Gold Recovery from Refractory Ores Article (PDF Available) in Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing 32:173181 · March 1998 with 756 Reads
Moreover, progress in reactor design and kinetics of the process made the adoption of biooxidation, as a pretreatment to cyanidation, in the extraction of gold from refractory sulphidebearing ores and concentrates. The existence of biooxidation plants in different parts of the world is showing the economical viability of the process.
Gold in sulfide minerals could be liberated by oxidization using techniques such as roasting, high temperature pressure leaching or bacterial leaching. Also, grinding the ore to an extremely fine particle size can liberate gold encapulsated in sulfides.
Heap bio leaching is the process to extract precious metals like gold, silver, copper and uranium from their ore by placing them on a pad (a base) in a heap and sprinkling a bacterial leaching ...
Lowgrade refractory sulphide gold ores exist in which the gold values are too low to economically justify the use of preconcentration processes. The preconcentration process (usually flotation) is followed by the oxidation of the sulphidic concentrate to render the gold amenable to a subsequent cyanide leach.
Oct 30, 2013· The economic extraction of copper from lowgrade ores requires lowcost processing methods such as in situ, dump and heap leaching. Bacterially assisted heap leaching of lowgrade copper sulphides is a developing technology that has been applied successfully for the extraction of copper from secondary sulphide minerals such as chalcocite at a ...
The results are presented in Figure 4, which shows that for the selected consumption, bacterial heap leaching can be more economic than BIOX The choice of process obviously depends on individual ore characteristics, but for refractory sulphide ores, where flotation recovery of gold is below 90 %, the bacterial heap leach process should be ...
Mar 23, 1993· A bacterialassisted heap leach process is employed for the solubilization of a metal from a refractory ore containing fines and/or clay wherein at least a portion of the metal is solubilized by the bacterial oxidation of sulfides and the concomitant or sequential dissolution of the metal into a leaching solution.
FOR GOLD RECOVERY FROM REFRACTORY ORES In this article, pretreatment such as bioleaching before cyanidation is discussed as an alternative technique to treat refractory gold ores containing pyrite and arsenopyrite. There are two methods of bacterial leaching, namely stirred reactor bioleaching and bioheap leach processes. The examples of
The application of heap leaching to more refractory chalcopyrite material is still under development. Figure 1 – Relationship between ore grade and method of recovery During sulphide heap leaching, bacterial activity can be utilised to catalyse the oxidation of iron, which acts as an electron carrier between the mineral and oxygen for
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